Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Kids
(IWQOL-Kids^©‡§)

The IWQOL-Kids is modeled after the IWQOL-Lite and designed for use by adolescents aged 11 to 19. Each item begins with the phrase, "Because of my weight," and contains five response options, ranging from "always true" to "never true."

Characteristics of the IWQOL-Kids:

• 27 items
• In addition to a total score, there are scores on four domains:
  • Physical Comfort
  • Body Esteem
  • Social Life
  • Family Relations
• Good internal consistency (ranging from 0.88 to 0.95 for scales, and equal to 0.96 for total score)
• Sensitive to differences among BMI groups and between clinical and community samples
• Responsive to weight loss/social support intervention
• Listed in the On-Line Guide to Quality-of Life-Assessment (OLGA)
• Listed in the Patient-Reported Outcome and Quality of Life Instruments Database PROQOLID
• Listed in Suggestions for the Pre-surgical Psychological Assessment of Bariatric Surgery Candidates
• Available in a parent-proxy form
• Translated into Arabic for Kuwait, Chinese (Mandarin), Dutch, Dutch for Belgium, Finnish, French for Belgium, Hebrew, Korean, Malay, Mandarin, Portuguese, Portuguese for Brazil, Russian, Spanish, Spanish for Mexico, Spanish for US, and Swedish

IWQOL-Kids Publications

Evans E.H., Adamson A.J., Basterfield L., Le Couteur A., Reilly J.K., Reilly J.J., Parkinson K.N. Risk factors for eating disorder symptoms at 12 years of age: A 6-year longitudinal cohort study. Appetite, 108 (2017); 12-20.

Prioste A., Fonseca H., Sousa P., Gaspar P. and Machado M. d. C. Cross-sectional study showed psychosocial variables, gender and family involvement played an important role in an adolescent weight management programme. Acta Paediatrica, 2016; doi:10.1111/apa.13616.

van der Aa M.P., Elst M.A., van de Garde E.M, van Mil E.G., Knibbe C.A., van der Vorst M.M. Long-term treatment with metformin in obese, insulin-resistant adolescents: results of a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition & Diabetes, 2016; 6, e228; doi:10.1038/nutd.2016.37

Utzinger L.M., Gowey M.A., Zeller M., Jenkins T.M., Engel S.G., Rofey D.L., Inge T.H., Mitchell J.E. and On behalf of the Teen Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) Consortium (2016). Loss of control eating and eating disorders in adolescents before bariatric surgery. International Journal of Eating Disorders; DOI: 10.1002/eat.22546.

He J., Zhu H., Luo X., Cai T., Wu S., Lu, Y. Chinese version of Impact of Weight on Quality of Life for Kids: psychometric properties in a large school-based sample. Journal of Public Health, 2015; DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv094.

Inge T.H., Courcoulas A.P., Jenkins T.M., et al. Weight Loss and Health Status 3 Years after Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents. New England Journal of Medicine, November 6, 2015; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1506699.

Dordevic A.L., Bonham M.P., Ware R.S., Brennan L., Truby H. Study protocol: Evaluation of 'JenMe', a commercially-delivered weight management program for adolescents: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 2015; 15:563 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1923-y.

Parkinson K.N., Adamson A.J., Basterfield L., Reilly J.K., Le Couteur A., Reilly J.J. Influence of adiposity on health-related quality of life in the Gateshead Millennium Study cohort: longitudinal study at 12 years. Archives of Diseases in Childhood, 2015; 100:779-783.

Zeller M.H., Noll J.G., Sarwer D.B., Reiter-Purtill J., Rofey D.L., Baughcum A.E., Peugh J., Courcoulas A.P., Michalsky M.P., Jenkins T.M., and Becnel J.N. Child Maltreatment and the Adolescent Patient with Severe Obesity: Implications for Clinical Care. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 2015; 40: 640-648.

Zeller M.H., Inge T.H., Modi A.C., Jenkins T.M., Michalsky M.P., Helmrath M., et al. Severe Obesity and Comorbid Condition Impact on the Weight-Related Quality of Life of the Adolescent Patient. The Journal of Pediatrics, in press.

Bout-Tabaku S., Michalsky M.P., Jenkins T..M, et al. Musculoskeletal pain, self-reported physical function, and quality of life in the teen-longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery (Teen-LABS) cohort. JAMA Pediatrics, 2015; 169:552-9.

Romirowsky A.M., Kushner M.R., Matherne C.E., Nadler E.P., Mackey E.R. Evidence-based psychological interventions to support an adolescent undergoing bariatric surgery: A case report. Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology, Vol 3(1), Mar 2015; 71-79.

Bryant M., Ashton L., Brown J., Jebb S., Wright J., Roberts K., et al. Systematic review to identify and appraise outcome measures used to evaluate childhood obesity treatment interventions (CoOR): evidence of purpose, application, validity, reliability and sensitivity. Health Technology Assessment, 2014; 18: 1-380.

Bryant M., Ashton L., Nixon J., Jebb S., Wright J., Roberts K., Brown J., in collaboration with the CoOR Scientific advisory group. Framework of outcome measures recommended for use in the evaluation of childhood obesity treatment interventions: the CoOR framework. Pediatric Obesity, 2014.

Luca P.D., Dettmer E., Grewal P., McCrindle B.W., Birken C.S., Hamilton J.K. Evaluation of the Sickkids team obesity management program (STOMP). Endocrine Reviews, 34 (3_meeting abstracts), MON-704.

Wong W.W., Barlow S.E., Mikhail C., Wilson T.A., Hernandez P.M., Shypailo R.J., Abrams S.H. A residential summer camp can reduce body fat and improve health-related quality of life in obese children. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology Nutrition, 2013 Jan; 56(1): 83-5.

Pinquart M. Body image of children and adolescents with chronic illness: A meta-analytic comparison with healthy peers. Body Image, 2013; 10: 141-148.

Chuang J., Zeller M.H., Inge T., Crimmins N. Bariatric Surgery for Severe Obesity in Two Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes. Pediatrics, 2013; 132(4):e1031-e1034. doi:10.1542/peds, 2012-3640.

Ratcliff M.B., Eshleman K.E., et al. Prospective changes in body image dissatisfaction among adolescent bariatric patients: the importance of body size estimation. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, 2012; 8(4): 470-475.

Zeller M.H., Reiter-Purtill J., et al. Two-year trends in psychosocial functioning after adolescent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, 2012; 7(6): 727-732.

Platt A.M., Egan A.M., Berquist M.J., Dreyer M.L., Babar G., Ugrasbul F. Health-related quality of life, depression, and metabolic parameters in overweight insulin-resistant adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 2013; 27: 120-6.

Guilfoyle S.M., Zeller M.G., Modi A.C. Parenting stress impacts obesity-specific health-related quality of life in a pediatric obesity treatment-seeking sample. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 2010 January; 31(1): 17. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181c73641.

Griffiths L.J., Parsons T. J., Hill A. J. Self-esteem and quality of life in obese children and adolescents: A systematic review. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 2010; 5: 282Ð304. doi: 10.3109/17477160903473697.

Nadeau K., Kolotkin R.L., Boex R., Witten T., McFann K.K., Zeitler P., Walders-Abramson N. Health-related quality of life in adolescents with comorbidities related to obesity. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2011 Jul; 49(1): 90-2.

Modi A.C., Zeller M.H. The IWQOL-Kids(©): Establishing minimal clinically important difference scores and test-retest reliability. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 2011 Jun; 6(2-2): e94-6.

Wouters E.J.M., Geenen R., Kolotkin R.L., Vingerhoets A.J.J.M. Met lichaamsgewicht samenhangende kwaliteit van leven bij adolescenten (2010). Psychometrische kwaliteit van de Nederlandse vertaling van de IWQOL-Kids. Tijdschrift voor kindergeneeskunde 78, 119-125.

de Beer M., Gemke R.J. Health-Related Quality of Life in Obese Children and Adolescents, 2010. In: Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures, Preedy V.R., Watson R.R., editors. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.

Tsiros M.D., Olds T., Buckley J.D., et al. Health-related quality of life in obese children and adolescents. International Journal of Obesity. 2009; 33: 387-400.

Quittner A.L., Cruz I., Modi A.C., Marciel K.K. Health-Related Quality of Life Instruments for Adolescents with Chronic Diseases, 2009. In: Behavioral Approaches to Chronic Disease in Adolescence: A Guide to Integrative Care, O'Donohue W.T., editor. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.

Zeller M.H., Modi A.C., Noll J.G., Long J.D., Inge T.H. Psychosocial Functioning Improves Following Adolescent Bariatric Surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2009; 17, 985-990.

Quinlan N.P., Kolotkin R.L., Fuemmeler B.F., Costanzo P.R. Psychosocial outcomes in a weight loss camp for overweight youth. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 2009; 4, 134-142.

Modi A.C., Loux T.J., Bell S.K., Harmon C.M., Inge T.H., Zeller M.H. Weight-specific health-related quality of life in adolescents with extreme obesity. Obesity, 2008; 16: 2266-2271.

Kolotkin R.L., Zeller M., Modi A.C., Samsa G.P., Quinlan N.P., Yanovski J.A., Bell S.K., Maahs D.M., Gonzales de Serna D., Roehrig H.R. Assessing weight-related quality of life in adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14: 448-457.

More Information

For more information about the IWQOL-Kids, please contact rkolotkin@qualityoflifeconsulting.com.

‡ Copyright © Ronette L. Kolotkin and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. Items for the IWQOL-Kids were developed by Ronette L. Kolotkin, Meg Zeller, and Helmut Roehrig.

§ Kolotkin RL, Zeller, M, Modi, AC, Samsa, GP, Quinlan, NP, Yanovski, JA, Bell, SK, Maahs DM, Gonzales de Serna, D, Roehrig, HR. Assessing weight-related quality of life in adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14: 448-457.